Vulnerabilidades para violência domiciliar durante pandemia da Covid-19 na América Latina: revisão de escopo

Abstract

Regional integration is hampered by socioeconomic and cultural disparities among the countries. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated these challenges, as highlighted by a 40% increase in reports of domestic violence in some countries of the region during social isolation periods. Objective: The objective of the review was to understand the vulnerabilities to domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic in Latin America. Method: This scoping review explored concepts related to violence against women in Latin America during the COVID-19 pandemic. The guiding question was: "What is the scenario of domestic violence against women in Latin America during the lockdowns imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic?". Following the PRISMA guidelines, the search strategy initially yielded 146 studies. After removing duplicates and studies not relevant for the scoping review, 24 articles were analyzed and 12 selected for the review, using the method proposed by Arksey and O'Malley for data extraction. Results: Social isolation has intensified gender-based violence and femicides in Latin America. Women's vulnerabilities to violence were exacerbated by a predominantly male power structure, evident in both family and social environments. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has worsened gender-based violence and femicide in Latin America. Factors such as social isolation, financial crises, stress, unemployment, and the abuse of alcohol and drugs have been identified as contributors to the increase in domestic violence in this context.