Produção de material didático pedagógico para cirurgiões-dentistas da estratégia saúde da família sobre diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Introduction: The presence of systemic and buccal infections stimulates the inflammatory response, tissue resistance to insulin, and uncontrolled glucose in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Proper dental management for decompensated diabetic patients can restore normal blood glucose values. Objective: To verify the knowledge of dental surgeons in the assistance to the diabetic patient; to investigate the presence of factors that may interfere in the adequate clinical practice and develop products related to the topic (educational video and e-book chapter) aimed at professional training. Method: A cross-sectional study in which a semi-structured questionnaire was applied to dentists who are members of the Family Health Strategy, Western Regional, of the Federal District. They all signed the Informed Consent Form before the research was realized. Inclusion criteria were dental surgeons who had experienced, in the last six months, the practice of DM patients and who agreed to participate in the study. The questionnaire variables assessed three domains of knowledge and conduct: "clinical management of the diabetic patient", "teamwork", and "continuing education". For data analysis, the SPSS/22 software was used, which allowed univariate study (absolute and percentage distributions) and bivariate study (chi-square test, ODDS, and Pearson's Correlation Strength), which confirmed the existence of positive correlations between variables related to the three domains addressed. The most frequent doubts about dental care for diabetic patients in primary care were also identified. Results: Regarding the clinical conduct related to diabetic patients, 67% of dentists do not usually request blood glucose tests (HGT) before dental procedures; 47% do not recognize hyperglycemic crises; and 43% do not follow specific protocol in these patients' treatment. In teamwork, 80% do not know diabetics estimated number in the territory, and 67% do not participate frequently in the Hiperdia groups. As for continuing education, 83% had not participated, until that moment, in a training course on the care of chronic patients - among them, diabetic patients. A positive correlation was observed between the variable that questions the participant's attendance at a training course and the dental surgeon's habit of requesting the blood glucose test before dental procedures (p < 0.0005). Professional participation in Hiperdia groups is correlated with their ability to identify a hyperglycemic crisis (p=0.038), adopt some assistance protocols for diabetic patients (p=0.0092), and participate in some training courses in the area (p=0.032). Developed products: Manuscript entitled: "Family health strategy dental surgeon’s knowledge about diabetes mellitus and factors influencing it", submitted to the Ciência & Saúde Coletiva journal (ISSN online 1678-4561). Educational video: "Dental surgeon in the diabetic patient clinical management orientations" (https://youtu.be/eDELbACW7Dw). eBook: "Themes in Dentistry: Clinical Recommendations in Oral Surgery, Orofacial Pain, and Patients with Diabetes Mellitus”, published by Editora JRG de Estudos Acadêmicos (http://portalcoleta.com.br/index.php/editora/article/view/129/158). Publication of an abstract: "Educational actions in the dental care of adults with diabetes mellitus embedded in the Family Health Strategy". Conclusion: The dental surgeons participating in the study know important aspects of the care of patients with DM. However, a greater participation in training courses and multidisciplinary activities could imply an increase in the frequency of a specific protocol's adoption, the identification of a hyperglycemic crisis, the use of the HGT test, and the consequent improvement in the care of the patient with DM.