Aprimoramento de instrumento de satisfação das puérperas com serviços obstétricos: uma pesquisa-ação

Abstract

Objectives: To improve an instrument to evaluate puerperal women's satisfaction with obstetric care. Methods: This was an action research developed from a preliminary version of an instrument developed and applied in a pilot test by nurses from the obstetric technical chamber of public services in the Federal District. A scope review was performed in PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Cochrane and Scielo databases with the descriptors "Patient Satisfaction," "Childbirth" and "Validation Study. Then, an exploratory factor analysis of the results of the application of the preliminary instrument, an analysis of evidence of validity of the instrument, a focus group with the developers of the instrument and an interview with the target audience was carried out. Results: In the scope review, six instruments were identified that assess the parturient, birth, obstetric care and companion as the most frequent dimensions. All instruments adopted methods to assess the evidence of validity and reliability, and three of them presented psychometric data that made it possible to assess the quality of the measure. The factor analysis of the preliminary instrument showed three existing factors in the construct. Seven nurses participated discussing the reformulation of the instrument and 20 postpartum women reported their perceptions about the assistance received during childbirth, generating five thematic units. Products developed: (1) Scope review article “Evaluation of the delivery care service: a scope review of measurement instruments”; (2) Original article “Improvement of an instrument for the satisfaction of puerperal women with obstetric services: an action research”; (3) “Instrument for assessing the satisfaction of puerperal women” the improved version delivered to the technical chamber of obstetric nursing of the State Department of Health of the Federal District. Final considerations: Each step of the action research of this study potentially contributed to its improvement, resulting in a more adequate and accurate instrument. The involvement of obstetric nurses who prepared the preliminary version of the instrument stimulated greater commitment to the later use of this tool in obstetric services.