Intervenções para a prevenção de violência no ambiente de trabalho da enfermagem: scoping review

Abstract

Introduction: Violence in nursing work is considered one of the major public health problems, in which professionals suffer abuse, threats or aggression in the circumstances of their work, and are also vulnerable to occupational risks involving safety, well-being and the health. Objective: To analyze the national and international production of research that adopted institutional interventions, actions, programs or training as an object of investigation to enable nurses to prevent, restrain and/ or deal with violence in the nursing work environment. Method: It is a scoping review with data collection in PubMed, BVS and Embase databases, using descriptors and/ or their synonyms: workplace violence, nursing and intervention. For the elaboration of all the work, integrative, qualitative, qualitative and quantitative reviews and quasi-experimental methods of journals in the last five years were selected, with nursing professionals and students, of both sexes, who participated in training in the hospital and university environment. Results: Most of the actions came from quasi-experimental research (36%), carried out in the United States of America (44%) and in a hospital context (86%). The emergency sector (36%) and the use of simulation (43%) as an intervention method prevailed in the analysis. Products developed: An article was developed entitled “Interventions for the prevention of violence in nursing work: scoping review” and an educational video on “violence in nursing”, which had as methodology, the reading of scientific articles in full and the graphic desing platform Canva. Conclusions: This scoping review identified, based on the analysis of the fourteen included studies, several ways to prevent, restrain and/ or deal with violence in the nursing work environment, and the use of simulation was the prevalent strategy. The educational video is an easily accessible medium, which offered online communication acquired via WhatsApp, which intensifies information and interactivity; with this audiovisual resource, society has the opportunity to get to know and become aware of the theme. The interventions had positive effects, demonstrating that research to curb violence must be intensified because the violence occurred in some studies even in the face of preventive measures.