Produções audiovisuais para a capacitação de cuidadores informais de idosos dependentes acompanhados por equipe de ateção domiciliar

Abstract

Introduction: The transition in the demographic and epidemiological scenarios has contributed to the aging of the population, which, together with the prevalence of chronic diseases, contributes to the growth of the number of dependent individuals for the Daily Life Activities. Home Care (HC) is an alternative to the care of this group of people. In HC, the caregiver is fundamental and should also be the focus of the actions of the professionals who work there. Issues that interfere with the caregiver's performance at home, such as their overload, may have a reflection on the quality of life and health of the elderly under their care. Often, informal caregivers (IC) do not have experience in providing care directed to patients' needs and lack of capacity building is referred to as one of the factors responsible for the caregiver's overload and stress. It is up to the HC team to promote training for IC and to do so should seek strategies that fit the individual and collective needs of the public attached to it. Objective: To develop audiovisual educational material to be used as a training strategy for informal caregivers of elderly dependents, accompanied by the Home Care Team of the Federal District, accessible, inclusive and available in a timely manner. Method: For the development of audiovisual educational material, adequate to the needs of the caregiver, preceded a research of evaluation of the overload and the investigation of the procedures related to the activities of the care that had greater difficulty. This research analyzed issues related to the caregiver and based the production of educational content. This was a quantitative, observational, analytical, cross-sectional study applied to informal caregivers of elderly users accompanied by the Home Health Service of the Southwest Health Region of the Federal District Health Department. Results: As a result of the research carried out, the effect of training / training on overload was observed, also that the illiterate group presented a higher average of overload than those with longer study time. The following characteristics were associated with overload: change in social life related to care; need to change position; need for curative care; need to assist walking; need to walk with a wheelchair; and type of patient's diet. Finally, it was observed that a longer period of sleep was related to the lower overload. Products developed: the work resulted in two products, the production of an original article and the audiovisual product destined to the education for the training of informal caregivers called: Bath of the person in bed, change of diapers of dependent people and change of position of bedridden person. These videos will be made available and shared through social media that involves the internet. Conclusion: Better understanding of the caregivers overload and the processes involved, in our local reality, allowed us to reflect on what the Home Care service can do to ease it. The need for training is a common point among caregivers and providing the support that allows the safety to perform care activities is shown as a protective factor to the overload of these individuals.