Ferramenta de ensino e aprendizagem baseada no diagnóstico situacional das dores orofaciais e na qualidade de vida de indivíduos atendidos na rede pública de saúde do Distrito Federal

Abstract

Introduction: Pain is a serious public health problem, with an ascending prevalence and represents the main reason for seeking health care. Not unlike, orofacial pain is a painful condition highly prevalent in the population and has a negative impact on the quality of life of people affected. Therefore, seeking to meet a demand of the professional practice scenario in which the master's student works and offer better assistance to the population, it was proposed to develop teaching and learning tools for instruction and training of health network professionals. This project is aligned with the research line quality in adult health care and was developed with the cooperation of the care and management team of the institution. Objectives: To trace the situational diagnosis of orofacial pain (prevalence of signs and symptoms, association with sex, frequency, severity and chronicity) and verify the association with the impact on the quality of life of individuals treated in the public health network of the Federal District; to develop teaching and learning tools focused on orofacial pain. Method: Analytical, observational and cross-sectional study in which two structured and standardized questionnaires were used as a study instrument, which were applied to 100 individuals waiting for care in hospitals of the public health network of the Federal District. All of them signed the Informed Consent Form before conducting the research. The presence of orofacial pain was determined by means of a questionnaire where the clinical, demographic and socioeconomic characteristics related to pain were obtained. The impact of pain on quality of life was measured by the Brazilian summarized and validated version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). Data related to orofacial pain were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis. The Spearman correlation test was applied to assess whether there was a correlation between orofacial pain and impact on quality of life measured by the OHIP-14. Results: The presence of pain in the head, one of the types of orofacial pain evaluated, had a prevalence of 87% and was statistically associated with the female sex, with weekly frequency of pain and with onset for more than one year (p=0.011). There was an association between headache and severe pain intensity (p<0.001) and a positive correlation between headache intensity and negative impact on quality of life (p<0.03). Developed products: three products were developed: 1) original article entitled: "Prevalence of orofacial pain in adults: association between sex, frequency, severity and impact on quality of life", submitted to the Revista Interface (Botucatu. Online) (ISSN 1807-5762); 2) protocol in the standard defined by the Permanent Commission on Health Care Protocols (PCHCP) of SES-DF; 3) E-book entitled: "Themes in Dentistry: Clinical Recommendations in Oral Surgery, Orofacial Pain and Patients with Diabetes Mellitus", published by Editora Coleta Científica https://doi.org/10.29327/5121920) (ISBN 978-65-996725-8-3). Conclusion: orofacial pain was a condition of high prevalence, frequency and severity in the studied population, causing negative impact and reduction in quality of life. The products developed in this research have the potential to generate impact and can be applied at local, regional and national levels, contributing to the scientific community and the health system. The protocol developed can reorganize the local and regional public health system and, together with the e-book, will provide adequate knowledge about this disease to establish a correct diagnostic and therapeutic approach, in order to reduce suffering and improve the quality of life of health service users. The protocol and e-book are available on the internet for free access.