Desenvolvimento de um simulador de baixo custo para capitação em hemorragia pós-parto

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Postpartum hemorrhage is one of the main causes of maternal death. Early diagnosis, with sequenced and no delay, with attention to the quality of care offered and achieved through in-service training of professionals working, directly influencing the reduction of morbidity and mortality in order to minimize adverse events. Teaching through simulation enables the integration of theoretical and practical teaching in a safe environment, expanding or replacing real experiences, combined with technological advances. The use of simulators and simulated teaching has been a powerful strategy in educational practice. Hybrid simulation or scenic simulation includes the use of simulated/standardized patients with an artificial simulator, or anatomical part or static mannequin. Teaching through the simulated patient resource provides the learner with the development of technical and behavioral skills without endangering the real patient. OBJECTIVE: To develop a low-cost simulator for postpartum hemorrhage care, to identify scientific evidence by conducting a scope review on the use of active methodologies in post-graduate health courses and the use of low-cost simulator educational technology in professional health training. METHODS: The study consisted of two Scope Reviews and the development of an Applied Research that presented the simulator as an educational technology. This was planned and elaborated in order to increase the safety of the postpartum woman and professional self-confidence to intervene in cases of postpartum hemorrhage. RESULTS: In the first scope review, 46 studies were considered that presented relevance of methodologies in the training of health professionals, with emphasis on communication information technologies/electronic tools and simulation. In the second review study, 48 studies were identified, in which it was found that low-cost simulators go through three themes: surgical simulator with varied materials and in 3D printing; surgical simulator in virtual reality and virtual environment and mannequin; and simulator of non-surgical procedures with varied materials. The third study presented the construction of a low-cost simulator for professional training in postpartum hemorrhage care. CONCLUSION: The findings of the first scope review allowed us to conclude that the methodologies have relevance in the change of health education, with emphasis on communication information technologies and electronic tools and simulation. The second review presented low-cost simulation strategies that contributed to the improvement of clinical practice for professional education, increasing patient safety. In the third study, the simulator elaborated presented low cost with the possibility of contributing to the improvement of the clinical practice of the management of postpartum hemorrhage and professional education. However, studies of structured evaluations of the impact of this method of teaching and professional training are necessary.