Avaliação da saúde de idoso de um serviço de atenção primária à saúde do Distrito Federal: epidemiologia, riscos e propostas de intervenção

Abstract

Introduction: Decreased functional capacity may have its course discontinued or reversed when appropriate interventions are in place. Primary Health Care, as a manager of care for the elderly, should act in the prevention and promotion of health aiming at a better quality of life. From this perspective, health education constitutes a strategy capable of reorienting the health care of the elderly. Goals: 1. To describe the socioeconomic profile of the families and elderly accompanied in a service of the Primary Health Care of the Federal District (DF); 2. Analyze the risks related to the mental, oral and nutritional health to which they are exposed; 3. Propose control strategies; 4. Promote Health Education through an informative primer. Methodology: A cross - sectional, analytical study was performed at the Basic Health Unit - UBS 01 of Itapoã in the Eastern Region of Health of the DF. We evaluated 59 elderly people between September 2016 and July 2017 through Mental State Assessment, Katz Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Geriatric Scale of Yesavage Depression, Mini Nutritional Assessment and Timed up and Go test. Products: The results were presented in the form of four products: 1. Scientific article "Socioeconomic Profile, Epidemiology and Risks Presented by Elders of a Primary Health Care Service of the Distrito Federal"; 2. Case report "Nutritional and Oral Health Risk: Evidence of vulnerability in an elderly woman from Brasília, Distrito Federal"; 3. "Primer on Sleep Hygiene"; 4. " Primer for the Elderly on the Prevention of Home Falls". The preparation of primers was chosen because they can be consulted for clarification of doubts and serve as guidelines for care and guidance. They are illustrated because of the low level of schooling in the target population. Results: No significant difference was found between the analyzes of sex for age, Katz, depression, MAN and TUG, which presented normal values. For the evaluation between sex and sleep, a poorer quality of sleep was demonstrated for females than for males. A weak correlation was found between the tests of depression and poor quality of sleep and depression with alteration in the TUG and the primers were idealized in response to these risks. The reported case presented strong evidence that poor oral health favored the risk of malnutrition. Conclusion: We can find in Itapoã a high social vulnerability. Knowledge of the risks present in the elderly makes it possible to work together to prevent them. It was found a higher prevalence of depression in the female subjects and the association of this condition with worse quality of sleep and greater risk of falls. Primer on sleep hygiene and prevention of falls for health education were devised to reduce these risks. Further studies should be performed to corroborate the data obtained and verify the impact of the measures adopted. It was evidenced the necessity of the construction of the Oral Health Care Networks in the Eastern Region of DF.