Série de casos: anafilaxia associada à vacina atenuada contra a dengue no Distrito Federal

Abstract

Objective: to describe cases of anaphylaxis associated with the live attenuated dengue vaccine (TAK-003) in the Federal District, Brazil. Methods: an observational case series study including individuals reported in the e-SUS Notifica system between July 2023 and June 2024 who presented anaphylaxis after receiving a dose of the live attenuated dengue vaccine (TAK-003) in the Federal District. Inclusion followed the Brighton collaboration criteria for the classification of anaphylaxis. Results: among the four identified cases of anaphylaxis, ages ranged from 6 to 21 years (median: 11.5 years), all occurring after the first vaccine dose. Two patients had no comorbidities; one had nephrotic syndrome and another had an anxiety disorder. The interval between vaccination and symptom onset ranged from 30 to 150 minutes. Cutaneous manifestations predominated, followed by respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms, and in one case anaphylactic shock occurred. Therapeutic management included the use of epinephrine in three cases. Two patients were hospitalized, and all recovered without sequelae. Final considerations: anaphylaxis requires immediate recognition and treatment. These findings reinforce the importance of post-vaccination observation and of training healthcare teams for the rapid and effective management of anaphylaxis, ensuring safety in the immunization process.