Tecnologia educacional na assistência de enfermagem para o cuidado à pessoa submetida à radioterapia

Abstract

Introduction: The incidence of cancer continues to grow, driven by population aging and the adoption of lifestyles associated with a higher risk of developing the disease. It is estimated that there were approximately 20 million new diagnoses and about 9.7 million deaths caused by cancer in 2022. Radiotherapy, as one of the pillars of cancer treatment, plays a fundamental role in the management of several neoplasms, used both alone and in combination with surgery and chemotherapy. In view of the complexity of the performance, nurses who provide direct care to individuals affected by cancer can benefit from the use of educational technologies. Objectives: To develop educational technology in digital format, as a tool for care interventions for nurses working in radiotherapy centers. Method: Study based on Applied Research studies that focus on applicable technologies in health organized in sequential phases: two bibliographic reviews and the elaboration of educational technology in health. The study was carried out between April 2023 and August 2024. This study received financial support from the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel in partnership with the Federal Council of Nursing (CAPS/COFEN in the SEI process: 88887.689892/2022-00). Results: With the selection of articles and materials for the elaboration of the technology, which was carried out through a narrative review and an integrative review with the investigation of concepts related to educational technologies and nursing care for people undergoing radiotherapy, the guide for the systematization of nurses' work in this area was elaborated. Product developed: Two integrative literature reviews and one narrative review were produced, with analysis of the identified studies and with the investigation of concepts related to educational technologies and nursing care for people undergoing radiotherapy, the reviews supported the elaboration of the technical-technological product, the educational tool called "Guide of guidelines for nurses in the care of people undergoing radiotherapy". The guide includes information on the main modalities of radiotherapy, the management of adverse reactions, the importance of nursing consultations and guidelines for nursing care in each phase of treatment, access link: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ba7dgp_aDc_QstZFeI6H0nROnbPiRsBA/view?usp=s haring. Conclusions: This study addressed the complexity of nurses' management in the face of radiotherapy in cancer patients, highlighting the importance of nursing interventions in the identification and treatment of this condition. The study achieved the proposed objective by identifying publications on the strategies used for general care, prevention and treatment of radiodermatitis, guidelines and interventions on the s of radiodermatitis radiotherapy in the head and neck and breast region, as well as developing health technology to support professionals.